periphyte

Periphyton refers to organisms, such as certain algae, that attach to and live on underwater surfaces. These microscopic communities are found in various aquatic ecosystems, including freshwater lakes and streams.12

In lakes, periphyton contributes to the primary producers within the photic zone, where photosynthesis occurs. They are distinct from plankton, which are free-floating organisms, and nekton, which are free-swimming. Periphyton plays a role in the overall structure and processes of inland water ecosystems, forming part of the complex web of life that includes producers, consumers, and decomposers.2