Ozone depletion: References & Edit History
More Articles On This Topic
- air pollutionThe global reach of air pollution
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- Freon
- human genetic diseaseUltraviolet radiation
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Additional Reading
The process of ozone depletion is described in Andrew Emory Dessler, The Chemistry and Physics of Stratospheric Ozone (2000). Scientific treatments tracking the progress related to curtailing the consumption of ozone-depleting chemicals include World Meteorological Organization, Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2014 (2015); U.S. Climate Change Science Program, Trends in Emissions of Ozone-Depleting Substances, Ozone Layer Recovery, and Implications for Ultraviolet Radiation Exposure (2008); and Christos Zerefos, Georgios Contopoulos, and Gregory Skalkeas (eds.), Twenty Years of Ozone Decline: Proceedings of the Symposium for the 20th Anniversary of the Montreal Protocol (2009).
Article Contributors
Primary Contributors
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Donald Wuebbles
Harry E. Preble Professor of Atmospheric Sciences, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois.
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The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors.
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Article History
| Type | Description | Contributor | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Article title updated for style. | Nov 11, 2026 | ||
| Add new Web site: Open Oregon Educational Resources - Environmental Biology - Ozone Depletion. | Oct 23, 2026 | ||
| Add new Web site: National Center for Biotechnology Information - PubMed Central - Environment and health: 3. Ozone depletion and ultraviolet radiation. | May 09, 2026 | ||
| Add new Web site: CORE - Ozone depletion, a big threat to climate change: What can be done? (PDF). | Mar 07, 2026 | ||
| Add new Web site: PNAS - Can ozone depletion and global warming interact to produce rapid climate change? | Oct 03, 2025 | ||
| Add new Web site: ABC listen - Rear Vision - The ozone holehow the world averted an environmental disaster. | Aug 07, 2025 | ||
| Add new Web site: IOPscience - IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science - Evaluation and prediction of ozone depletion (PDF). | Jun 28, 2025 | ||
| Add new Web site: CiteSeerX - Environment and health: 3. Ozone depletion and ultraviolet radiation (PDF). | Mar 19, 2025 | ||
| Add new Web site: International Journal of Environmental Science and Development - Ozone Layer Depletion and Its Effects: A Review (PDF). | Dec 10, 2024 | ||
| Add new Web site: Biology LibreTexts - Ozone Depletion. | Apr 09, 2024 | ||
| Add new Web site: University of West Florida Pressbooks - Introduction to Environmental Sciences and Sustainability - Ozone Depletion. | Jan 19, 2024 | ||
| Add new Web site: British Antarctic Survey - The Ozone Hole. | Dec 08, 2023 | ||
| Add new Web site: Engineering and Technology History Wiki - Ozone Hole. | Aug 29, 2023 | ||
| Noted when the ozone layer is expected to recover over the Arctic and Antarctic regions. | Jan 13, 2023 | ||
| Add new Web site: Biology LibreTexts - Ozone Depletion. | Sep 08, 2022 | ||
| Article revised and updated. | Feb 16, 2022 | ||
| Noted that ozone levels are expected to return to 1980 values by the mid-2030s above the Arctic. | Feb 02, 2022 | ||
| Added a chart showing the principal steps of ozone depletion and a video showing an experiment in which pine trees were exposed to intense UV radiation. | Feb 12, 2021 | ||
| Noted that scientists at the United Nations expect that the Antarctic ozone hole will continue to close over time and that stratospheric ozone concentrations will return to 1980 values by the 2060s. | Feb 12, 2021 | ||
| Media added. | Jan 03, 2020 | ||
| Article revised and updated. | Oct 31, 2019 | ||
| Noted that declines in concentrations of lower-stratospheric ozone have outpaced gains in concentrations upper-stratospheric ozone. | Feb 16, 2018 | ||
| Noted that by 2016 data showed that stratospheric ozone concentrations had been increasing and the size of Antarctica's ozone hole had been decreasing since 2000. | Jul 20, 2017 | ||
| Bibliography revised and updated. | Jul 20, 2017 | ||
| Media added. | Jun 10, 2016 | ||
| Photo of ozonesonde added. | May 15, 2015 | ||
| Text added noting that Antarctica's ozone hole will decrease in size to below 20.7 million square km by 2040. | May 15, 2015 | ||
| Text added noting slight ozone increases in the stratosphere that were observed in 2014. | Sep 12, 2014 | ||
| Figure for maximum Arctic ozone depletion changed to 40 percent. | Apr 06, 2011 | ||
| New article added. | Jan 19, 2011 | ||
| New bibliography added. | Jan 19, 2011 |
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