osteochondritis dissecans

Osteochondritis dissecans is a joint disorder where a piece of cartilage and the underlying bone break off and become lodged within the joint cavity. This condition most frequently affects the knee and typically occurs in individuals between their second and third decades of life. A characteristic symptom is a creaking sound when the affected joint is moved, and surgical removal of the displaced fragment is usually necessary.1

In some cases, osteochondritis dissecans can be familial, meaning it is inherited. This occurs due to a mutation in a cartilage protein that weakens the tissue, leading to detachment of cartilage and bone. Familial cases often affect multiple joints and can result in early-onset osteoarthritis. Sporadic cases, which are not hereditary, are common in young athletes involved in high-impact or repetitive movement sports.2