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orbital
Introduction References & Edit History Quick Facts & Related Topics
Images & Videos
Diagram showing two types of electron orbitals in atoms: a spherical s orbital on the left and a dumbbell-shaped p orbital on the right, each centered around a labeled nucleus with x, y, and z axes.
How the location of an electron affects its energy
Understanding the arrangement of electrons in atoms
A diagram showing atomic energy levels and electron orbitals, with labeled boxes for s, p, d, and f orbitals from levels 1 to 7, and arrows indicating the order of electron filling. Some higher orbitals are shaded to show they are not occupied by ground-state electrons. Nonbonding orbitals in triplet and singlet states
Quizzes
Periodic Table of the elements concept image (chemistry)
Facts You Should Know: The Periodic Table Quiz
Italian-born physicist Dr. Enrico Fermi draws a diagram at a blackboard with mathematical equations. circa 1950.
Physics and Natural Law

orbital: References & Edit History

Article Contributors

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Article History

Type Description Contributor Date
Modified link of Web site: Chemistry LibreTexts - Atomic Orbitals. Oct 16, 2026
Add new Web site: OpenStax - Organic Chemistry - Atomic Structure: Orbitals. Jun 15, 2025
Add new Web site: Open Library Publishing Platform - First year general chemistry - Atomic orbitals. Jan 09, 2025
Add new Web site: Michigan State University Libraries - CLUE: Chemistry, Life, the Universe and Everything - Electrons and Orbitals. Feb 22, 2024
Add new Web site: ACS Publications - Orbitals: Some Fiction and Some Facts. Dec 23, 2023
Add new Web site: Chemistry LibreTexts - Atomic Orbitals. Sep 15, 2023
Media added. Apr 09, 2020
Added new Web site: University of Waterloo - Quantum Numbers and Atomic Orbitals. Jul 07, 2008
Added new Web site: Orbital Central - Atomic Orbitals. Feb 25, 2008
Article added to new online database. Jul 20, 1998
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