ocular muscular dystrophy

Ocular muscular dystrophy, also known as ocular myopathy, is a group of hereditary disorders that primarily affect the muscles controlling eye movement. These conditions are characterized by progressive muscle weakness and atrophy.1

The pathology involves the degeneration and attempted regeneration of muscle fibers. In ocular muscular dystrophy, the muscles responsible for moving the eyes are predominantly impacted, leading to symptoms such as double vision and drooping eyelids (ptosis). The specific muscles affected depend on which cranial nerves (oculomotor, trochlear, or abducens) are involved.12

While some muscular dystrophies are relatively mild, others, like Duchenne muscular dystrophy, are severe. Ocular muscular dystrophy can be inherited in various ways, including autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive patterns. Treatment often involves physical therapy and supportive measures.1