obligate terrestrial bipedalism

Obligate terrestrial bipedalism refers to locomotion on two feet, a characteristic that, while not unique to humans, is exclusively adapted for striding in Homo sapiens. This mode of movement frees the hands for tasks other than locomotion, potentially allowing for more efficient energy use, carrying food, and better predator detection.123

While other primates and animals exhibit bipedalism, humans are the only mammals exclusively adapted to this form of striding. This adaptation has led to significant anatomical changes, particularly in the pelvis and lower limbs, distinguishing humans from great apes. However, bipedalism also presents disadvantages, such as reduced speed compared to quadrupedal predators and increased susceptibility to certain physical ailments like back pain.123