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An obligate aerobe is a microorganism that requires a constant supply of oxygen to survive and reproduce. These organisms use oxygen as the final electron acceptor in their energy production and respiration processes. Many bacteria, such as Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, are obligate aerobes. Most free-living protozoans also fall into this category, relying on oxygen for respiration through pathways like glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid cycle. In contrast, organisms that can live without oxygen are called anaerobes, and those that can switch between aerobic and anaerobic metabolism are known as facultative anaerobes.123

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