nuclear pore complex

The nuclear pore complex is a crucial protein structure that regulates the transport of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm in eukaryotic cells. These complexes are embedded within the nuclear envelope, a double membrane that encloses the nucleus, which houses the cell's DNA.12

The nuclear pore complexes act as selective gates, allowing small molecules to pass freely while controlling the passage of larger molecules like RNA and proteins. This selective transport is essential for maintaining the distinct environments of the nucleus and cytoplasm and for coordinating gene expression and protein synthesis. The complexes recognize specific signals on molecules, permitting entry or exit based on these signals.12