nonmelanoma

Nonmelanoma skin cancers are the most common type of cancer in the United States and are generally curable with minor surgery. These cancers originate in the epidermis, the skin's surface layer, and include squamous cell carcinomas and basal cell carcinomas. Squamous cell carcinomas develop from flat cells near the surface, while basal cell carcinomas arise from the layer beneath.1

The primary cause of nonmelanoma skin cancer is DNA damage from ultraviolet radiation, mainly from the sun. Factors like light complexion, male gender, exposure to substances like arsenic and tar, certain HPV infections, chronic skin inflammation, and immune suppression increase risk. Suspicious signs include unusual growths, moles that change rapidly, or sores that don't heal. Diagnosis is confirmed through a skin biopsy. Early detection and treatment, often through surgical removal, freezing, or laser therapy, lead to high survival rates. Prevention involves avoiding excessive sun exposure and using sun protection.1