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The neural tube is a crucial embryonic structure that develops into the brain and spinal cord. It forms from an infolding of the ectoderm, creating a groove that fuses to create a hollow tube. This tube then differentiates into the central nervous system.123

If the neural tube fails to close properly during early embryonic development, it can lead to neural tube defects. Examples include anencephaly (absence of the brain) and spina bifida, which can range in severity and affect bodily functions.45

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