natural resin

Natural resin refers to an unmodified resin sourced directly from nature, typically from tree secretions, as opposed to synthetic resins. These substances are generally fusible, flammable, and range in color from yellowish to brown. They are soluble in organic liquids but not in water.12

Natural resins are often exuded by trees, particularly pines and firs, as a response to injury. Over time, volatile components evaporate, leaving a residue that can become insoluble. Historically, resins were used in lacquers and varnishes by ancient civilizations. Examples include amber, prized as a gemstone, and various types of balsams, turpentines, and copals used for medicinal purposes, solvents, and varnishes. While synthetic resins have largely replaced natural ones in modern industry, natural resins remain significant for their historical uses and unique properties.23