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The mucociliary escalator is a crucial defense mechanism in the human respiratory system. It's a lining within the airways composed of mucus and cilia. Mucus, produced by mucous cells, traps inhaled particles like dust and bacteria. Cilia are tiny, hair-like structures that beat in a coordinated rhythm, moving the mucus and trapped debris upward and out of the respiratory tract towards the pharynx. This continuous upward movement, akin to a conveyor belt, effectively cleans the airways and prevents harmful substances from reaching the lungs.123

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