metabolic alkalosis
Quick Summary
Metabolic alkalosis is a condition characterized by an abnormally low level of acidity, or high level of alkalinity, in the body's fluids, including the blood. This can occur due to the loss of acid, often caused by severe vomiting or the use of diuretics, or through a gain of bicarbonate, which can result from excessive intake or depletion of body fluid volume.1
Primary hyperaldosteronism can also lead to metabolic alkalosis. This condition involves the overproduction of aldosterone by the adrenal glands, resulting in increased retention of salt and water and increased excretion of potassium. Symptoms can include hypertension, fatigue, muscle weakness, and disturbances in heart rhythm.2
In contrast, metabolic acidosis occurs when acids are produced faster than the kidneys can excrete them, or when the body excretes excessive alkali. Causes include uncontrolled diabetes, shock, certain drugs or poisons, and kidney failure. Both acidosis and alkalosis can be life-threatening and require prompt medical attention.3
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