meningomyelocele

Meningomyelocele is a congenital disorder that is a severe form of spina bifida, a type of neural tube defect. This condition occurs when the neural tube, which forms the central nervous system, fails to close properly during early embryonic development. In meningomyelocele, the protruding sac contains not only the meninges (the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord) but also elements of the spinal cord or nerve roots.12

This defect typically results in paralysis in the parts of the body below the affected area, often leading to impaired or absent bladder and bowel control. Children with meningomyelocele may also experience hydrocephalus, a buildup of fluid in the brain. Surgical intervention early in life can be a treatment option, though the extent of disability can complicate therapy.12