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The mediastinal pleura is a serous membrane that forms part of the lining of the mediastinum, the central compartment of the thoracic cavity located between the lungs. This membrane is continuous with the pleura lining the thoracic cage and covers structures within the mediastinum, including the heart, esophagus, and trachea. The mediastinum itself contains all the principal tissues and organs of the chest except the lungs. The pleura, in general, consists of two layers: the parietal pleura lining the thoracic cavity and the visceral pleura covering the lungs. The mediastinal pleura is a subdivision of the parietal pleura.1234

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