matrix mechanics

Matrix mechanics is a formulation of quantum mechanics developed by Werner Heisenberg, Max Born, and Pascual Jordan. It uses a matrix-based algebra to connect the frequencies and intensities of spectrum lines. This approach was developed in 1925 and is considered one of the foundational methods of quantum physics, alongside Erwin Schrödinger's wave mechanics. Although initially appearing different, matrix mechanics and wave mechanics were later shown to be mathematically equivalent. The S-matrix, related to quantum mechanics, predicts the probabilities of outcomes in experimental situations, such as particle collisions.123