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mass spectrograph
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Figure 4: Arrangement of the electrostatic and magnetic sectors in the Mattauch-Herzog double-focusing mass spectrometer. The ions are deflected in opposite directions in the electrostatic and magnetic fields. The divergent monoenergetic beam contains two ion species of different mass-to-charge ratio. All ions are brought to a focus along the plane AB. Figure 5: Arrangement of the electrostatic and magnetic sectors in the Nier double-focusing mass spectrometer. The angle of the electrostatic sector is 90° and that of the magnetic sector 60°. The direction of deflection of the ion beam is the same in both sectors. Figure 6: Schematic diagram of a quadrupole mass spectrometer. The pairs of opposing electrodes are electrically connected to a balanced voltage source having a radio frequency component superimposed on a constant potential. Combinations of values for the amplitude and frequency exist that allow ions of a given mass from a beam of constant energy to emerge undeflected.
What are isotopes and how do they work?
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What are isotopes and how do they work?
An overview of isotopes.
Video: © American Chemical Society (A Britannica Publishing Partner)

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Figure 4: Arrangement of the electrostatic and magnetic sectors in the Mattauch-Herzog...
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Figure 5: Arrangement of the electrostatic and magnetic sectors in the Nier double-focusing...
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Figure 6: Schematic diagram of a quadrupole mass spectrometer. The pairs...
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.