malabsorption

Malabsorption is a condition where the small intestine cannot properly absorb nutrients from food. This can happen due to surgical changes or diseases affecting the gastrointestinal tract. For instance, removing a part of the bowel can lead to short-bowel syndrome, and conditions like tropical sprue can damage the intestinal lining. Diseases of the liver or pancreas can also hinder digestion.123

Symptoms can include diarrhea, anorexia, fatigue, and steatorrhea (excess fat in stools). A lack of vitamin B12 absorption can lead to pernicious anemia. Diagnosis involves patient history, physical exams, X-rays, and stool studies, sometimes including a small intestine biopsy. Treatment often involves antibiotics, vitamin replacement, and dietary management.321