lymphatic system diseases

The lymphatic system is a crucial part of the circulatory system, responsible for maintaining fluid balance and defending the body against infection. It collects excess fluid, proteins, and waste products from tissues and returns them to the bloodstream. This system also houses lymphocytes and macrophages, key cells of the immune system that combat foreign microorganisms.123

Diseases affecting the lymphatic system can arise from various causes. Lymphedema, for instance, occurs when the lymphatic system's function is impaired, leading to fluid buildup in tissues. This can be primary (genetic) or secondary, often caused by filariasis (a parasitic infection) or as a result of cancer surgery and radiation treatments. Lymphomas, such as Hodgkin disease and non-Hodgkin lymphoma, are malignant tumors of lymphocytes, characterized by enlarged lymph nodes and spleen. Filariasis, caused by nematodes, can lead to chronic inflammation and scarring within the lymphatic vessels, sometimes resulting in elephantiasis.456