low pathogenicity avian influenza strain

Low pathogenicity avian influenza (LPAI) is a mild form of avian influenza, a viral respiratory disease primarily affecting poultry and other bird species. While most strains of avian influenza are not highly pathogenic, some can mutate and transmit to other vertebrates, including humans.12

Bird flu is caused by type A influenza viruses, classified as orthomyxoviruses. These viruses are distinguished by surface proteins called hemagglutinin (H) and neuraminidase (N). Most H5, H7, and H9 subtypes are LPAI viruses, though they can still cause mild to moderate illness in birds and humans. Transmission typically occurs through contact with infected birds or contaminated environments. Symptoms in humans resemble those of human influenza, but severe cases can lead to serious complications.21