At a Glance
isotope: References & Edit History
More Articles On This Topic
- datingPrinciples of isotopic dating
- centrifugeVacuum-type centrifuges
- Pleistocene EpochMarine oxygen isotope record
- EarthAccretion of the early Earth
- mass spectrometryAtomic masses
- metabolismThe study of metabolic pathways
- nuclear fissionFission decay chains and charge distribution
- spectroscopyResonance-ionization mass spectrometry
- chemical elementThe existence of isotopes
- actinoid elementGeneral similarities of the actinoid elements
- heliumAbundance and isotopes
- hydrogenIsotopes of hydrogen
- leadNuclear properties
- nitrogenIsotopes of nitrogen
- oxygen group elementIsotopes
- rare-earth elementAbundance, occurrence, and reserves
- rare-earth elementNuclear properties
- silverProperties, uses, and occurrence
- transuranium elementDiscovery of the first transuranium elements
Additional Reading
Useful sources include F.W. Aston, Mass Spectra and Isotopes, 2nd ed. (1942), a history of the discovery of radioactive and stable isotopes; Gerhart Friedlander et al., Nuclear and Radiochemistry, 3rd ed. (1981); Michael J. Pilling and Paul W. Seakins, Reaction Kinetics (1995); Stelio Villani, Isotope Separation, trans. from Italian (1967); and James W. Truran, “Nucleosynthesis,” Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science, 34:53–97 (1984).
Article Contributors
Primary Contributors
-
Gregory F. Herzog
Professor of Chemistry, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey.
Other Encyclopedia Britannica Contributors
Article History
| Type | Description | Contributor | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Modified link of Web site: Chemistry LibreTexts - Isotopes. | Oct 17, 2026 | ||
| Add new Web site: Chemistry LibreTexts - Isotopes. | Aug 22, 2026 | ||
| Add new Web site: Indiana University Pressbooks - STEM for Educators - Isotopes and Elements. | May 12, 2026 | ||
| Add new Web site: ETH Zurich - Research Collection - IsotopesTerminology, Definitions and Properties (PDF). | May 09, 2025 | ||
| Questions and answers added. | Mar 13, 2025 | ||
| Add new Web site: National Park Service - Isotopes in environmental science. | Feb 28, 2025 | ||
| Add new Web site: The University of Western Australia - Isotopes. | Jan 18, 2025 | ||
| Add new Web site: National Isotope Development Center - Isotope Basics. | Nov 21, 2024 | ||
| Add new Web site: The University of Western Australia - Isotopes. | Sep 26, 2024 | ||
| Add new Web site: Michigan State University - MSUToday - What is an isotope? | Jul 18, 2024 | ||
| Add new Web site: Open Library Publishing Platform - Isotopes of the elements. | Jan 16, 2024 | ||
| Add new Web site: UEN Digital Press with Pressbooks - Introductory Chemistry - Use of Isotopes. | Dec 08, 2023 | ||
| Add new Web site: International Atomic Energy Agency - What are Isotopes? | Oct 12, 2023 | ||
| Add new Web site: Chemistry LibreTexts - Isotopes. | Oct 20, 2022 | ||
| Add new Web site: Energy Education - Isotope. | Apr 26, 2022 | ||
| Add new Web site: Cool Kid Facts - Isotope. | Jan 18, 2021 | ||
| New media added. | Jun 02, 2020 | ||
| Media added. | Apr 09, 2020 | ||
| Add new Web site: Chemicool Dictionary - Definition of Isotopes. | Feb 15, 2019 | ||
| Changed "element 118" to "oganesson." | Dec 12, 2016 | ||
| Definition of cosmic rays modified to include electrons. | Oct 04, 2010 | ||
| Added new Web site: University of Colorado at Boulder - Isotopes. | Jun 11, 2008 | ||
| Added new Web site: Rader's Chem4Kids.com - Isotope. | Jun 11, 2008 | ||
| Added new Web site: University of Georgia - Isotope. | Jun 11, 2008 | ||
| Added new Web site: USGS - Isotopes. | Jun 11, 2008 | ||
| Added new Web site: USGS - Understanding Our Planet Through Chemistry - Elements, Isotopes, and Radioactivity. | Jun 11, 2008 | ||
| Added new Web site: Buzzle.com - Isotopes. | Jun 11, 2008 | ||
| Added new Web site: World Nuclear Association - Radioisotopes in Medicine. | Jun 11, 2008 | ||
| Added new Web site: Understanding Our Planet Through Chemistry - Elements, isotopes, and radioactivity. | Apr 23, 2007 | ||
| Bibliography revised. | Mar 16, 2007 | ||
| Article revised and updated. | Mar 16, 2007 | ||
| Added new Web site: Periodic Table of the Isotopes. | Sep 26, 2006 | ||
| Article added to new online database. | Aug 23, 1998 |
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