isoelectric focusing

Isoelectric focusing (IEF) is an electrophoretic technique used to separate proteins. This method works by utilizing an electric field to move proteins through a medium, such as a gel, that has a pH gradient. Proteins migrate until they reach a location where the pH matches their individual isoelectric point (pI). The isoelectric point is the specific pH at which a molecule, like a protein or amino acid, has an equal number of positive and negative charges, resulting in a net zero charge. This technique is valuable for characterizing proteins and assessing their purity.123