immune antibody

An antibody is a protein produced by the immune system to combat foreign invaders, known as antigens. These antigens, often on the surface of bacteria or viruses, trigger the production of specific antibodies. Antibodies, also called immunoglobulins, are Y-shaped molecules made of polypeptide chains.123

The tips of the antibody's "arms" contain antigen-binding sites that recognize and attach to specific parts of an antigen. This binding neutralizes toxins, immobilizes microbes, or flags them for destruction by other immune cells. This process is a key part of acquired immunity, where the body "remembers" specific pathogens for future defense.324