hypogeous germination
Quick Summary
Hypogeal germination is a botanical term describing a germination pattern where the cotyledons, or seed leaves, remain below the ground. In this process, the radicle (embryonic root) and epicotyl (the part of the stem above the cotyledons) elongate and emerge from the seed coat, while the seed itself stays buried. The cotyledons then transfer stored nutrients to the developing seedling. This contrasts with epigeal germination, where the cotyledons are carried above ground by an elongating hypocotyl (the part of the stem below the cotyledons). This type of germination is crucial for the initial establishment of many plant species.123
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