hyperbilirubinemia

Hyperbilirubinemia, commonly known as jaundice, is a condition characterized by an excess accumulation of bilirubin in the blood and tissues, causing a yellow discoloration of the skin and eyes. This occurs when the body produces more bilirubin than the liver can process or excrete.12

There are three main types of jaundice:
* Unconjugated jaundice: Occurs when the destruction of red blood cells produces more bilirubin than the liver can handle, or when the liver's ability to process bilirubin is impaired.12
* Hepatocellular jaundice: Results from severe liver cell damage, preventing the liver from properly transporting bilirubin into the bile system.12
* Cholestatic jaundice: Caused by obstructions in the bile ducts, such as gallstones or tumors, which block the flow of bile from the liver.12

While jaundice itself is often a symptom of an underlying issue, severe cases, particularly in newborns (neonatal jaundice), can lead to serious complications like kernicterus if not managed.12