hydroxide mineral

A hydroxide is a chemical compound that contains one or more hydroxide groups (OH^-). These groups consist of one oxygen and one hydrogen atom bonded together and function as a negatively charged ion. The positive part of the compound is typically a metal ion, such as sodium or magnesium, or an organic group. Hydroxides are known for their basic properties and include common substances like sodium hydroxide (caustic soda) and calcium hydroxide (slaked lime).1

In mineral classification, oxides and hydroxides form a distinct group. Oxides contain oxygen bonded to metals, while hydroxides are characterized by the presence of hydroxyl (OH^-) groups. Hydroxide minerals generally have lower bond strengths, are less dense, and are not as hard as oxide minerals. They typically form at lower temperatures and are often found as weathering products.2