human immunodeficiency virus type 2
Quick Summary
Human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) is a retrovirus that primarily affects western Africa. It is closely related to simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs) found in monkeys and is generally less virulent than HIV-1, meaning it typically causes slower disease progression.12
Like HIV-1, HIV-2 attacks the immune system by targeting CD4 T cells, which are crucial for fighting infections. If left untreated, HIV-2 can lead to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Transmission occurs through specific bodily fluids, including blood, semen, and vaginal fluids, primarily via unprotected sexual contact, sharing contaminated needles, or from parent to child. While there is no cure, antiretroviral therapy can manage the virus, allowing individuals to live long, healthy lives.2
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