horizontal cell
Quick Summary
Horizontal cells are a type of neuron in the retina that play a crucial role in processing visual information. They are located in the outer plexiform layer of the retina and make connections with photoreceptor cells (rods and cones) and bipolar cells.12
The primary function of horizontal cells is to modulate the signals transmitted from photoreceptors to bipolar cells. They achieve this by influencing the activity of neighboring cells, allowing for horizontal transmission of signals across the retina. This lateral interaction helps to enhance contrast and regulate the range of light intensity that bipolar cells respond to, contributing to a more refined visual output.13
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photoreceptionNeural transmissionā¦the bipolar cells are the horizontal cells (the outer plexiform layer), and between the bipolar cells and the ganglion cells, there exists a similar layer (the inner plexiform layer) containing amacrine cells of many different kinds. A great deal of complex processing occurs within the two plexiform layers. The mainā¦
Read Moreā¦the bipolar cells are the horizontal cells (the outer plexiform layer), and between the bipolar cells and the ganglion cells, there exists a similar layer (the inner plexiform layer) containing amacrine cells of many different kinds. A great deal of complex processing occurs within the two plexiform layers. The mainā¦
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human eyeThe retinaā¦and ganglion cells; these, the horizontal and amacrine cells, operate in the horizontal direction, allowing one area of the retina to influence the activity of another. In this way, for example, the messages from one part of the retina may be suppressed by a visual stimulus falling on another, anā¦
Read Moreā¦and ganglion cells; these, the horizontal and amacrine cells, operate in the horizontal direction, allowing one area of the retina to influence the activity of another. In this way, for example, the messages from one part of the retina may be suppressed by a visual stimulus falling on another, anā¦
Read More