hepatoma

Hepatoma, also known as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is a type of malignant tumor that originates in the liver's primary functional cells, called hepatocytes. It is the most common form of liver cancer, accounting for 75 to 85 percent of all cases. While benign liver tumors are confined to the organ, malignant tumors like hepatomas can spread to other tissues.123

Risk factors for developing hepatoma include infections with hepatitis B or C viruses, cirrhosis of the liver (often caused by excessive alcohol consumption), and exposure to certain chemicals like vinyl chloride and aflatoxin. Symptoms may not appear until the disease is advanced and can include abdominal pain, jaundice, unexplained weight loss, and loss of appetite. Diagnosis often involves blood tests, imaging techniques, and biopsies. Treatment depends on the stage of the cancer and may include surgery, targeted therapy, or immunotherapy.1