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helioseismology
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internal rotation of the Sun
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helioseismology

astronomy
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internal rotation of the Sun
internal rotation of the Sun The internal rotation of the Sun as a function of depth and latitude, as derived from helioseismological studies. The differential rotation is clearly shown by the red (fast) area at the equator, extending through the hydrogen convective zone.

Helioseismology is the study of vibrations within the Sun. Similar to how seismology studies earthquakes to understand Earth's interior, helioseismology uses waves on the Sun's surface to map its internal structure. These solar waves are continuously excited, likely by currents in the Sun's convective zone.12

By measuring the frequencies and wavelengths of these waves, scientists can create models of the Sun's interior, from the core to the surface. This technique allows for the mapping of the deep Sun and even the differential rotation at various depths, which is crucial for understanding the Sun's magnetic field. The Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) is one mission that has conducted helioseismological investigations.23

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3 Britannica Sources
  1. helioseismology
  2. Sun - Helioseismology
  3. Solar and Heliospheric Observatory

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