heart valve stenosis

Heart valve stenosis refers to the narrowing of a heart valve, which obstructs blood flow. The semilunar valves, located between the ventricles and the major arteries, and the mitral valve, between the left atrium and ventricle, are commonly affected.12

Aortic stenosis, a narrowing of the valve between the left ventricle and the aorta, is a common type. It can be congenital, result from rheumatic heart disease, or occur due to age-related degeneration. Symptoms may include fainting, chest pain (angina pectoris), and congestive heart failure.3

Mitral stenosis, narrowing of the mitral valve, is often caused by rheumatic fever and is more common in women under 45. It can lead to lung congestion, breathing difficulties, irregular heart rhythms (atrial fibrillation), and the formation of blood clots.2

Treatment for severe stenosis typically involves surgical repair or replacement of the affected valve.42