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A granum (plural: grana) is a stack of chlorophyll-containing thylakoids found within the chloroplasts of plant cells. These structures are crucial for photosynthesis, the process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy. Within the chloroplast, grana are embedded in a colorless matrix called the stroma. The thylakoids within grana contain the photosynthetic pigments necessary for capturing light energy. The intricate stacking of thylakoids in grana is essential for the efficient functioning of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis.12

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