giant condensation nucleus

A condensation nucleus is a tiny particle, solid or liquid, found in the atmosphere. Water vapor condenses onto these nuclei, initiating the formation of cloud droplets. Condensation nuclei can range from a few tenths of a micron to several microns in diameter.1

Giant condensation nuclei are larger, typically several microns across, and are composed of substances that attract moisture, such as sea salt. Most condensation nuclei are generated by fires and ocean wave action, with dust and soil particles also contributing. Without these nuclei, water vapor would require much higher humidity levels to condense, a process known as homogeneous nucleation, which typically only occurs in laboratory settings. In the atmosphere, condensation nuclei are essential for cloud formation, reducing the supersaturation needed for water vapor to change into liquid water or ice.12