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The germinal center is a key anatomical structure within secondary lymphoid organs, such as lymph nodes and the spleen. These centers are primarily composed of B lymphocytes and are crucial for the adaptive immune response. Within germinal centers, B cells undergo a process of proliferation and differentiation, a critical step in the production of antibodies. This is where B cells encounter antigens and are stimulated to develop into plasma cells, which then secrete antibodies that help neutralize or eliminate foreign substances from the body. Memory B cells are also generated in germinal centers, providing the immune system with long-lasting protection.123

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