geographic tongue

Geographic tongue, also known as benign migratory glossitis, is a condition characterized by the presence of smooth, irregularly shaped red patches on the tongue. These patches are typically surrounded by slightly elevated, grayish margins. The name "geographic tongue" comes from the resemblance of these patches to land masses on a map.1

This condition involves the loss of surface papillae, giving the affected areas a smooth, red appearance. New patches can develop as old ones heal, giving the appearance that the condition is "wandering". While it can cause a mild burning sensation, geographic tongue is not cancerous and is considered a benign condition.2