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Geognosy is a branch of geology that focuses on the materials that make up the Earth and its overall internal and external structure. It is related to geognostic studies, which pertain to geognosy. Physical geology, a broader scientific discipline, encompasses all aspects of the Earth's structure, composition, physical properties, and constituent rocks and minerals. These fields are distinct from geotectonic geology, which is synonymous with structural geology.1234

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