free-radical theory of aging

The free-radical theory of aging suggests that aging is caused by the accumulation of damage from reactive molecules called free radicals. These molecules are produced during normal cellular activities, such as cellular respiration. Free radicals have an unpaired electron, making them unstable and highly reactive. They can damage important cellular components like DNA and proteins, leading to cellular dysfunction and contributing to the aging process.12

This theory, also known as the oxidative damage theory, was proposed in the 1950s and has been supported by evidence showing that antioxidant proteins, which neutralize free radicals, are more abundant in aging cells. Related theories propose that oxidative stress can damage mitochondria, the energy-producing parts of cells, or lead to inflammation, which is linked to many age-related diseases.12