forceps

Forceps are medical instruments used for grasping, holding, or applying traction to objects, particularly in delicate surgical operations. In obstetrics, specialized forceps are used during vaginal delivery to grasp the fetal head. This can help extract the baby or rotate the head into a more favorable position for birth.12

Forceps delivery is employed when complications arise that threaten the mother or baby, or when a prompt delivery is necessary to reduce maternal stress, such as in cases of heart disease or prolonged labor. Fetal indications include umbilical cord prolapse or abnormal fetal heart rates. While generally safe when used carefully, there is some controversy surrounding their use, and care must be taken to avoid injury to the mother or fetus. Vacuum extraction is an alternative method used in some regions.23