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foot
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Labeled anatomical illustration of the human foot skeleton from a top-down (dorsal) view, showing the calcaneus, talus, tarsal bones, metatarsals, and phalanges with color-coded bone groups. An anatomical illustration of the top of a human foot shows a superficial dissection with muscles, tendons, and nerves labeled, including the extensor muscles, fibularis tendons, and branches of the fibular (peroneal) nerve. Illustration of a dog's hind foot and forefoot viewed from below, with labeled parts including dewclaw, communal pads, foot pads, and claws. Illustration of a horse's hoof with a side view showing internal skeletal bones aligned inside the hoof and a bottom view displaying the horseshoe and the V-shaped frog structure. The Human Body
Behind the science: Why do feet smell?
metatarsal X-ray image showing the bones of a human foot in side profile. coraciiform foot morphology Illustration showing the specialized feet of various falconiform birds, including lammergeier, osprey, harpy eagle, buzzard, New World vulture, northern goshawk, short-toed eagle, and secretary bird, each with distinct talon shapes and textures suited to their hunting or scavenging lifestyles.
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Superficial arteries and veins of face and scalp, cardiovascular system, human anatomy, (Netter replacement project - SSC)
The Human Body

foot: References & Edit History

Article Contributors

Primary Contributors

  • The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
    Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors.

Other Encyclopedia Britannica Contributors

Article History

Type Description Contributor Date
Invalidated site: Mustansiriyah University - Bones of the foot (PDF). Oct 11, 2026
Add new Web site: Johns Hopkins Medicine - Foot Pain and Problems. Mar 09, 2026
Add new Web site: The Royal Society Publishing - Proceedings B - Human foot form and function: variable and versatile, yet sufficiently related to predict function from form. Jan 30, 2026
Add new Web site: CellPress - iScience - Are there changes in the foot biomechanics during the before and after fifth metatarsal fracture running stance phase? Dec 19, 2025
Add new Web site: Mustansiriyah University - Bones of the foot (PDF). Aug 06, 2025
Add new Web site: University of Minnesota Libraries - Large Animal Surgery - Supplemental Notes - Foot anatomy. Jan 25, 2025
Add new Web site: South Dakota State University - Open PRAIRIE - Feet and Shoes. Oct 17, 2024
Add new Web site: Open Library Publishing Platform - Basic Foot Care for RNs and RPNs - Anatomy and Physiology of the Foot and Nail. Oct 03, 2024
Add new Web site: WebMD - Foot Pain: Causes and Treatment. Jul 24, 2024
Media added. Dec 01, 2023
Add new Web site: Innerbody - The Bones of the Leg and Foot. Nov 08, 2023
Add new Web site: Pressbooks - Anatomy of the Foot and Ankle. Sep 27, 2023
Add new Web site: Teach Me Anatomy - Muscles of the Foot. Aug 01, 2023
Add new Web site: National Center for Biotechnology Information - PubMed Central - Foot anatomy specialization for postural sensation and control. Apr 11, 2023
Add new Web site: BCcampus Open Publishing - The Foot. Feb 16, 2023
Add new Web site: Verywell Health - Foot Anatomy and Causes of Pain. Oct 10, 2022
Added cross-references. May 14, 2020
Add new Web site: WebMD - Foot Pain: Causes and Treatment. Feb 14, 2019
Media added. Apr 08, 2016
Add new Web site: MedicineNet.com - Foot. May 02, 2014
Add new Web site: Healthline - Foot. Feb 14, 2014
Add new Web site: Medscape - Foot Bone Anatomy. Feb 14, 2014
Add new Web site: Buzzle.com - Foot Bones. Sep 01, 2010
Media added. Oct 16, 2007
Article added to new online database. Jul 20, 1998
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