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Fertility drugs primarily work by stimulating or regulating hormones crucial for ovulation, aiding ovaries in producing and releasing eggs more effectively. Some drugs address factors like insulin resistance or high prolactin levels that influence ovulation hormones.1

Key hormones involved include:
* FSH (Follicle-Stimulating Hormone): Promotes the growth of follicles in the ovary that contain eggs.12
* Estrogen: Thickens the uterine lining to prepare for pregnancy.1
* LH (Luteinizing Hormone): Triggers ovulation.1

Common fertility drugs include clomiphene, which blocks estrogen receptors in the brain to increase FSH and LH, and aromatase inhibitors, which lower estrogen to boost FSH. Gonadotropins, administered by injection, directly stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple eggs, often used in assisted reproductive technologies like in vitro fertilization (IVF).13

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