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Fecundity refers to the quality or power of producing fruit or offspring, especially in abundance. It can also describe a productive quality or power, or richness of imagination and invention. In a biological context, fecundity is the potential reproductive capacity, such as the ability to produce mature eggs and sperm, or the power of seeds to germinate.1

Demographers distinguish between fecundity, the biological potential for reproduction, and fertility, the actual level of achieved reproduction. Factors like marriage patterns, conscious choices to limit childbearing, and biological elements such as the age of onset of fertility and the monthly probability of conception influence the difference between potential and realized fertility.2

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