enteric fever

Enteric fever is a term encompassing typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever, which are bacterial infections caused by Salmonella species. These diseases are typically contracted through the ingestion of contaminated food or water. The bacteria penetrate the intestinal wall and can enter the bloodstream, leading to symptoms such as fever, headache, diarrhea, and prostration.1234

The pathology involves the bacteria multiplying in lymphoid tissue and potentially causing inflammation and ulcers in the intestinal wall. Complications can include hemorrhage or perforation of the intestine. Prevention relies on proper sanitation, water treatment, and avoiding contaminated food sources. Antibiotics are the primary treatment, though antibiotic-resistant strains of Salmonella present a challenge.3