electric dipole moment
Quick Summary
An electric dipole is a pair of equal and opposite electric charges whose centers are not aligned. This can occur when an external electric field shifts the electron cloud of an atom, creating a temporary dipole, or in molecules like water, which have a permanent dipole due to their structure. The product of the magnitude of one charge and the distance between the two charges is known as the electric dipole moment. This moment is a vector quantity, indicating the strength and direction of the dipole, and it tends to align with an external electric field. The unit for electric dipole moment is the coulomb-meter in the SI system. Polarization, a related concept, refers to the induced separation of charge within a material and is measured by the electric dipole moment per unit volume.12
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- electric polarization
…the measures of polarization is electric dipole moment, which equals the distance between the slightly shifted centres of positive and negative charge multiplied by the amount of one of the charges. Polarization P in its quantitative meaning is the amount of dipole moment p per unit volume V of a…
Read More…the measures of polarization is electric dipole moment, which equals the distance between the slightly shifted centres of positive and negative charge multiplied by the amount of one of the charges. Polarization P in its quantitative meaning is the amount of dipole moment p per unit volume V of a…
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liquidSpeed of sound and electric properties…they are polarized by an electric field; that is, the liquid develops positive and negative poles and also a dipole moment (which is the product of the pole strength and the distance between the poles) that is oriented against the field, from which the liquid acquires energy. This polarization is…
Read More…they are polarized by an electric field; that is, the liquid develops positive and negative poles and also a dipole moment (which is the product of the pole strength and the distance between the poles) that is oriented against the field, from which the liquid acquires energy. This polarization is…
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polarityThe dipole moment of a heteronuclear bond can be estimated from the electronegativities of the atoms A and B, χA and χB, respectively, by using the simple relation
Read MoreThe dipole moment of a heteronuclear bond can be estimated from the electronegativities of the atoms A and B, χA and χB, respectively, by using the simple relation
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chemical bondingThe polarity of molecules…by the value of its dipole moment, μ, which is defined as the product of the magnitude of the partial charges times their separation (essentially, the length of the bond). The dipole moment of a heteronuclear bond can be estimated from the electronegativities of the atoms A and B, χA…
Read More…by the value of its dipole moment, μ, which is defined as the product of the magnitude of the partial charges times their separation (essentially, the length of the bond). The dipole moment of a heteronuclear bond can be estimated from the electronegativities of the atoms A and B, χA…
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- spectroscopyLaser magnetic resonance and Stark spectroscopies
possess permanent magnetic moments or electric dipole moments by using external magnetic or electric fields to bring the energy spacing between levels into coincidence with the frequency of the laser.
Read Morepossess permanent magnetic moments or electric dipole moments by using external magnetic or electric fields to bring the energy spacing between levels into coincidence with the frequency of the laser.
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crystalMolecular bindingMolecules with a dipole moment, such as water, have a strong attractive force owing to the interactions between the dipoles. For atoms and molecules with neither net charges nor dipole moments, the van der Waals force provides the crystal binding. The force of gravity also acts between neutral…
Read MoreMolecules with a dipole moment, such as water, have a strong attractive force owing to the interactions between the dipoles. For atoms and molecules with neither net charges nor dipole moments, the van der Waals force provides the crystal binding. The force of gravity also acts between neutral…
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