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Pharmacology is the branch of medicine focused on how drugs interact with living organisms. It explores the mechanisms of drug action, as well as their therapeutic uses. Drugs can affect cells by interacting with molecules like receptors, enzymes, or membrane lipids.123

Drug interactions occur when one drug alters the effect of another, potentially increasing or decreasing its impact, or causing new side effects. These interactions can happen during absorption, distribution, metabolism, or excretion of drugs within the body. For example, antacids can reduce the absorption of antibiotics like tetracycline. Understanding these interactions is crucial for safe and effective medical treatment.456

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