• 7 Drugs that Changed the World
• crime laboratory

  / Sections of crime laboratories
• dietary supplement

  / Efficacy, safety, and quality of dietary supplements
• nutritional disease

  / Food-drug interactions

• medicine

  / Drug research
• chemistry

  / Biochemistry
• clinical trial
• Gertrude B. Elion
• history of medicine

  / India
• metabolomics

  / Role in understanding drug action and toxicity
• birth

  / Relief of pain in labour
• pharmacology
• pharmacy
• therapeutic index
• traditional Chinese medicine

  / Genetics research and drug development

• addiction
• malformation

  / Animal malformations
• nervous system disease

  / Toxic effects of drugs, metals, and poisons
• hallucination

  / Chemical factors
• human disease

  / Predisposition of the host
• drug overdose
• medicinal poisoning
• human disease

  / Drugs
• poison

  / Drugs and health care products

• road

  / Safety
• childhood disease and disorder

  / Diseases transmitted through the placenta or due to placental dysfunction
• psychomotor learning

  / Environmental factors
• sleep

  / The nature of sleep
• sleep

  / Light and deep sleep
• sleep

  / Hypersomnia of central origin
• sleep

  / Insomnia

• Prescription drug costs

• alcoholism

  / Physiological therapies
• depression

  / Treatments for depression
• drug use

  / The functions of psychotropic drugs
• therapeutics

  / Principles of drug uptake and distribution
• eye disease

  / Inflammation of the cornea
• cardiovascular disease

  / Abnormalities of the aorta
• cardiovascular disease

  / Syncope
• cardiovascular disease

  / Drugs and shock
• mental disorder

  / Biochemistry
• neurosis

  / Treatment
• psychiatry
• therapeutics

  / Pain

Principles of drug action

The basis and mechanisms of drug action are examined in Ernst Mutschler et al., Drug Actions: Basic Principles and Therapeutic Aspects (1995); and Ruth R. Levine, Carol T. Walsh, and Rochelle D. Schwartz-Bloom, Pharmacology: Drug Actions and Reactions, 6th ed. (2000). Drug Facts and Comparisons is an annual publication with monthly updates that describes mechanisms of action, pharmacological properties, and recommended uses of drugs. Comprehensive sources with an emphasis on the clinical applications of drugs include Joel G. Hardman and Lee E. Limbird (eds.), Goodman & Gilman’s The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 10th ed. (2001); Bertram G. Katzung, Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 8th ed. (2001); Theodore M. Brody, Joseph Larner, and Kenneth P. Minneman (eds.), Human Pharmacology: Molecular to Clinical, 3rd ed. (1998); G. Carruthers et al. (eds.), Melmon and Morelli’s Clinical Pharmacology, 4th ed. (2000); Harold Kalant and Walter H.E. Roschlau, Principles of Medical Pharmacology, 6th ed. (1998); and Charles R. Craig and Robert E. Stitzel (eds.), Modern Pharmacology with Clinical Applications, 6th ed. (2004).

Antimicrobial drugs

For a discussion of the many aspects of antimicrobial therapy, see Eric M. Scholar and William B. Pratt, The Antimicrobial Drugs, 2nd ed. (2000); and Paul H. Axelsen, Essentials of Antimicrobial Pharmacology (2002). Mark Abramowicz (ed.), Handbook of Antimicrobial Therapy, 16th ed. (2002), is a reference source that gives a summary of antimicrobial agents, their use for specific diseases, doses, costs, and adverse effects.

Nervous system drugs

Eric J. Nestler, Steven E. Hyman, and Robert C. Malenka, Molecular Neuropharmacology: A Foundation for Clinical Neuroscience (2001); and S.J. Enna and Joseph T. Coyle, Pharmacological Management of Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders (1998), provide an introduction to the many aspects of neuropharmacology. Margaret Wood and Alastair J.J. Wood (eds.), Drugs and Anesthesia: Pharmacology for Anesthesiologists, 2nd ed. (1990), is a comprehensive reference source. Drugs that affect mood and behaviour are the subject of Alan F. Schatzberg and Charles B. Nemeroff (eds.), The American Psychiatric Press Textbook of Psychopharmacology, 2nd ed. (1998; also published as Essentials of Clinical Pharmacology, 2001); Robert S. Feldman, Jerrold S. Meyer, and Linda F. Quenzer, Principles of Neuropsychopharmacology (1997); and Stuart Yudofsky, Robert E. Hales, and Tom Ferguson, What You Need to Know About Psychiatric Drugs (1991). Applications of antiepileptic drugs are the topic of René H. Levy et al., Antiepileptic Drugs, 5th ed. (2002).

Cardiovascular drugs

William H. Frishman and Edmund H. Sonnenblick (eds.), Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapeutics, 2nd ed. (2002); Alan R. Leff (ed.), Pulmonary and Critical Care Pharmacology and Therapeutics (1996); G.D. Johnston, Fundamentals of Cardiovascular Pharmacology (1999); and William W. Parmley and Kanu Chatterjee (eds.), Cardiovascular Pharmacology (1994), provide an overview of the therapeutic and physiological effects of cardiovascular agents. Robert W. Colman et al. (eds.), Hemostasis and Thrombosis: Basic Principles and Clinical Practice, 4th ed. (2000), is a comprehensive treatment of drugs used in blood coagulation disorders.

Digestive system drugs

Gerald Friedman, Eugene D. Jacobson, and Richard W. McCallum (eds.), Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics (1997); and Mark Feldman, Lawrence S. Friedman, and Marvin H. Sleisenger (eds.), Sleisenger & Fordtran’s Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, Management, 7th ed., 2 vol. (2002), provide an analysis of the effects of drugs on the digestive system.

Reproductive and endocrine system drugs

Fran S. Greenspan and David G. Gardner (eds.), Basic and Clinical Endocrinology, 7th ed. (2003); Samuel S.C. Yen, Robert B. Jaffe, and Robert L. Barbieri (eds.), Reproductive Endocrinology, 4th ed. (1999); and Robert Hardin Williams and P. Reed Larsen, Williams Textbook of Endocrinology, 10th ed. (2003), are comprehensive texts that cover hormones used as drugs. David B. Seifer and Elizabeth A. Kennard (eds.), Menopause: Endocrinology and Management (1999), offers a discussion of hormone replacement therapy.

Renal system drugs

Donald Seldin and Gerhard Giebisch (eds.), Diuretic Agents: Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology (1997), is a comprehensive source covering the pharmacology and toxicology of this class of diuretics.

Cancer chemotherapy

Robert C. Bast, Jr., et al. (eds.), Cancer Medicine, 5th ed. (2000), is a comprehensive textbook. Gail M. Wilkes and Terri B. Ades, Patient Education Guide to Oncology Drugs, 2nd ed. (2004), provides easily understandable information on commonly used cancer medications.