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Dermatoglyphics is the study of skin patterns, specifically the ridges and grooves found on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet. These patterns, also known as friction ridges, are unique to each individual and are established before birth.123

The distinct patterns of fingerprints, which are a form of dermatoglyphics, are used for personal identification because they are unique and do not change over time. The science of fingerprint identification is called dactyloscopy. While fingerprints are the most commonly used, any ridged area of the hand or foot can serve as a means of identification.245

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