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cytoplasmic inheritance

genetics
Also known as: extrachromosomal inheritance, extranuclear inheritance(Show More)

Quick Summary

Cytoplasmic inheritance, also known as cytoplasmic heredity, refers to the transmission of traits from parents to offspring through the cytoplasm of the germ cell. This is distinct from nuclear inheritance, which involves genes located within the cell's nucleus.12

In eukaryotic cells, certain genetic information is also found in organelles within the cytoplasm, such as mitochondria and chloroplasts. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) plays a role in cellular energy production, while chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) is involved in photosynthesis in plant cells. These extranuclear DNA molecules can carry genes that are passed down to subsequent generations.2

The study of cytoplasmic inheritance became increasingly important in the mid-20th century, particularly with advances in understanding bacterial and protozoan genetics. This form of inheritance is crucial for understanding various biological processes and has been cited in discussions of heredity.32

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