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Cud is partially digested food that has been regurgitated from the stomach of ruminant animals, such as cows, sheep, and goats, for further chewing. Ruminants are mammals that cannot directly digest tough plant materials like grasses because they lack the necessary enzymes to break down cellulose. Instead, they rely on a specialized, multi-chambered stomach.12

The first chamber, the rumen, stores ingested plant matter. This material is then brought back up as cud and re-chewed to break down the cellulose. The re-chewed cud then passes through the other stomach chambers (reticulum, omasum, and abomasum) where it is further digested with the help of symbiotic microorganisms. This process allows ruminants to extract nutrients from fibrous plant matter that would otherwise be indigestible.134

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