crustal magnetization

Crustal magnetization refers to the magnetic fields measured at Earth's surface that are not solely generated by the internal dynamo. These fields originate from the Earth's crust, where temperatures are low enough for solid materials to retain magnetism.1

There are two types of crustal magnetization:
* Induced magnetization: This occurs when the magnetic dipoles within crustal materials align with Earth's main magnetic field, similar to how a compass needle aligns.1
* Remanent magnetization: This type of magnetization is acquired when molten rocks cool and solidify, trapping the alignment of Earth's magnetic field at that time. This magnetism persists even after the primary field disappears.1

These magnetic anomalies, caused by crustal magnetization, are studied in the field of geomagnetics, which explores all aspects of Earth's magnetic field, including its origin and variations. Magnetic surveys, often conducted from aircraft or research vessels, help map these anomalies, providing insights into subsurface geological structures and mineral deposits.23