chemical preservative

chemistry

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Last updated

June 24, 2026

Quick Summary

A chemical preservative is an additive used in foods to prevent or slow down spoilage caused by chemical changes like oxidation or the growth of mold. These substances also help maintain the freshness of appearance and consistency.1

Different types of preservatives target specific issues:
* Antimycotics, such as propionates and sorbic acid, inhibit mold growth in products like cheese and bread.1
* Antioxidants, like BHT, prevent rancidity in foods containing fats and oils.1
* Antibiotics, such as tetracyclines, are used to stop the growth of harmful bacteria in poultry and fish.1
* Humectants absorb moisture to retain it in products like shredded coconut.1

Some preservatives, like sodium nitrate, are controversial due to potential health concerns but are used to maintain the color of cured meats. Other common preservatives include sulfites, used in wine and fruit preservation, and sodium benzoate, effective against yeasts and bacteria in acidic conditions.123

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